Student facilitator approach to enhance football shooting skills and lower anxiety: evidence from PE students using LSST
AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the student facilitator approach in improving shooting skills and reducing anxiety levels among Physical Education students at Riau Islamic University. The background of the study was the low shooting performance and high anxiety levels caused by conventional learning methods. An experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was used, involving 360 students enrolled in football courses. The Loughborough Soccer Shooting Test (LSST) was used to measure shooting skills, and the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) was used to assess anxiety levels. Data analysis with a paired t-test showed a t-value of 6.82, which was greater than the t-table value at a 5% significance level (p < 0.001), indicating a highly significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The average LSST score increased by 19%, the proportion of students in the low anxiety category increased by 2.8%, and the proportion in the high anxiety category decreased by 1.7%. These results demonstrate that the student facilitator approach is effective in enhancing technical skills and supporting anxiety management in sports learning. Therefore, it is recommended that this approach be integrated into the physical education curriculum to promote more holistic, adaptive, and evidence-based learning.Key wordsstudent facilitator, shooting skills, anxiety, football learning, physical education
https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19TCA2