Marta Adam (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Indriati Husain (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Mayasari Yamin (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Nurdin (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Suyono Dude (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) serves as an alternative food source to rice due to its rich nutritional content. The development of sorghum through breeding can be facilitated using colchicine. This study aimed to: (1) identify sorghum varieties exhibiting the best performance based on agronomic traits; (2) determine the effective colchicine treatment for increasing genetic variation in sorghum varieties; (3) identify agronomic traits with high genetic variability influenced by multiple genes; and (4) evaluate the best interaction between colchicine and variety based on sorghum agronomic traits. The study was conducted from January to April 2025 in the Greenhouse of the Agricultural Assembly and Modernization Agency, Gorontalo. The experiment employed a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), where the first factor consisted of two varieties, Numbu and Kawali, and the second factor comprised four colchicine concentrations: 0 ppm, 750 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 1250 ppm. Each treatment was replicated three times, resulting in a total of 24 experimental units. The results indicated that the Numbu variety exhibited the highest genetic variability based on leaf area; a colchicine concentration of 750 ppm effectively enhanced sorghum plant variability; plant height, panicle length, and leaf area displayed high genetic variation and were controlled by multiple genes; and the interaction of the Numbu variety with 750 ppm colchicine showed the most favorable performance based on the selection traits of panicle length, plant height, and leaf area. Therefore, this combination holds potential for the colchicine-based development of sorghum.

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Dewa Oka Suparwata (Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Sains dan Ilmu Komputer, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2877-0034)

Meity Melani Mokoginta (Program Studi Magister Manajemen Sumber Daya Hayati, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo)

Moh. Muchlis Djibran (Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Sains dan Ilmu Komputer, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo)

Mohamad Ervandi (Program Studi Magister Manajemen Sumber Daya Hayati, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo)

Arthur Gani Koto (Program Studi Geografi, Fakultas Sains dan Ilmu Komputer, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo)

Nurdin (Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Rival Rahman (Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Echan Adam (Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Agustinus Moonti (Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Fatmawati (Jurusan Pertanian, Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian (Polbangtan) Gowa)

Lucio Marcel Gomes (Jurusan Agronomia, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nacional Timor Leste)

Abstract

Variabilitas dan perubahan iklim mengakibatkan terjadinya kesenjangan pola penghidupan masyarakat khususnya dalam memproteksi ketersediaan pangan, kesehatan, jejaring sosial, dan bencana alam. Ada banyak hal yang telah direkomendasikan untuk masyarakat lokal, namun memahami pola kehidupannya sebagai bagian dari mitigasi dan adaptasi perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur kerentanan penghidupan masyarakat lokal karena paparan perubahan iklim di kawasan Teluk Tomini. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan survei yang dilaksanakan pada Agustus - Oktober 2024 di Bone Bolango Provinsi Gorontalo dan Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 200 orang petani pada klaster komoditi pangan utama (padi dan jagung). Data penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis Livelihood Vulnerability Index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: kerentanan penghidupan di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan lebih rentan dibandingkan dengan Kabupaten Bone Bolango, dengan nilai indeks LVI 0,343 (rentan) berbanding 0,294 (cukup rentan), yang ditunjukkan dari tingginya nilai indeks sub-komponen bencana alam dan keragaman iklim, kesehatan, pangan, dan sosio-demografi. Demikian juga LVI-IPCC memiliki kerentanan lebih tinggi dengan nilai indeks 0,026 berbanding -0,006 pada eksposur dan kapasitas adaptif; dan indeks ketahanan pangan Kabupaten Bone Bolango lebih tahan dibandingkan dengan Bolaang Mongondow Selatan. Meningkatnya eksposur terkait variabilitas iklim dan bencana alam yang dibarengi dengan menurunnya kapasitas adaptif masyarakat berdampak pada kerentanan pola penghidupan di Bolaang Mongondow Selatan yang terpengaruh paparan perubahan iklim. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa penguatan kapasitas adaptif sangat penting dalam mengurangi kerentanan penghidupan akibat peningkatan eksposur, olehnya pola penghidupan masyarakat lokal perlu terintegrasi strategis dalam mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim setiap daerah di kawasan Teluk Tomini.

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Abstract

Infiltration, the process by which water enters the soil, plays a crucial role in water availability and fertilization efficiency. This study aimed to determine the effect of organic fertilizer in chicken and cow manures on soil infiltration in long bean cultivation. This research was conducted in Tunggulo Village, Tilongkabila Sub- District, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, from February to April 2025. This study employed a Randomized Block Design with five treatment levels and three repetitions. Infiltration was measured using a double-ring infiltrometer and analyzed using Horton’s model. Based on the analysis, the fertilizer-free treatment (P0) exhibited the highest infiltration capacity with an infiltration rate of 63.37 mm hour-1 and was considered fast according to the Kohnke infiltration classification. Meanwhile, the lowest infiltration capacity was found in the treatment of organic fertilizer in chicken manure with a dose of 10 tons ha-1 (P1), with an infiltration rate of 18.20 mm hour-1 (rather slow). Linear regression analysis revealed a negative relationship between constant infiltration and production, where the constant infiltration factor accounted for only 47.36% of the variation in long bean production, suggesting that excessive infiltration can lead to nutrient leaching from the root zone. The results of the analysis showed that the treatment of organic fertilizer did not have a significant effect on the capacity and rate of infiltration. Based on Horton’s model, the highest infiltration capacity was found  in the treatment without fertilizer, followed by the treatment with organic fertilizer from chicken manure at a dose of 20 tons ha-1, and the lowest at a dose of 10 tons ha-1 of cow manure.

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ABSTRACT

This study aims to map the potential area of ruminant livestock farming in Manggarai Regency based on the results of the Location Quontient (LQ) calculation. This study uses LQ calculations and then interprets them on maps using ArcGIS applications. Livestock population data in Manggarai Regency was obtained from data from the Manggarai Regency Livestock Service in 2024 based on 12 districts in Manggarai Regency. Based on the results of the calculation of the sub-districts of Satar Mese, Satar Mese Barat, Satar Mese Utara, Ruteng, West Cibal, Reok and West Reok, the results of LQ>1 for cattle commodities were obtained. Meanwhile, in the Satar Mese, North Satar Mese, West Mese Satar, North Rahong, West Cibal and Cibal sub-districts also received LQ>1 results for buffalo livestock commodities. And for the areas of West Mese Star, Cibal, West Cibal, West Reok and North Rahong, the results of LQ>1 for goat livestock were obtained. The conclusion of this study is that local governments must support efforts to increase livestock production based on the results of the LQ<1 calculation such as Langke Rembong, Wae Ri'i and Lelak sub-districts.

Keywords: Area Mapping, Location Quontient, ArcGIS.

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Darliawan Saprin Sainong (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Rida Iswati (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Nurdin (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Angry Pratama Solihin (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Siska Irhamnawati Pulogu (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo)

Abstract

Salah satu faktor rendahnya produktivitas jagung di Provinsi Gorontalo adalah serangan berbagai penyakit tanaman. Selama ini, pengendalian penyakit masih banyak bergantung pada penggunaan pestisida kimia, yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Sebagai upaya alternatif, pemanfaatan kompos Trichoderma reesei dapat digunakan sebagai agen pengendali hayati penyakit tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh aplikasi kompos Trichoderma reesei terhadap jenis, kejadian, dan intensitas serangan penyakit pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengamatan visual gejala penyakit, identifikasi mikroskopis patogen, serta analisis kejadian dan intensitas penyakit selama 12 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Empat jenis penyakit di pertanaman jagung yaitu karat daun (Puccinia sorghi), bulai (Peronosclerospora maydis), hawar daun (Helminthosporium maydis), dan bercak daun (Curvularia sp.). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kompos Trichoderma reesei isolat TZ31DU1 secara konsisten mampu menekan kejadian dan intensitas keempat penyakit tersebut dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Tidak ditemukan gejala karat daun pada perlakuan TZ31DU1, sedangkan intensitas tertinggi bercak daun pada kontrol mencapai 63,33% dan hanya 46,66% pada TZ31DU1. Hal ini menunjukkan efektivitas kompos Trichoderma reesei dalam menghambat perkembangan patogen. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kompos Trichoderma reesei memiliki potensi tinggi sebagai agen hayati dalam sistem budidaya jagung ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan.

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