Kepribadian dan Pemilihan Karir
Kepribadian dan Pemilihan Karir
Oleh: Maryam Rahim
Type kepribadian seseorang akan mempengaruhi pemilihan karir. Seseorang akan memilih karir yang sesuai dengan kepribadiannya. Hal ini telah dikemukakan John Holland dalam teorinya tentang pemilihan karir. Holland mengklasifikasi 6 (enam) tipe kepribadian, dan 6 (enam) lingkungan kerja. Menurutnya kepuasan kerja bergantung pada sejauhmana individu berhasil mencocokkan kepribadian mereka dengan suatu lingkungan pekerjaan. Setiap tipe dari enam tipe kepribadian memiliki pekerjaan yang sepadan.
Kategori tipe kepribadian dan lingkungan pekerjaan yang diklasifikasikan oleh Holland (2006) terdiri atas: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Interprising, and Coventional (RIASEC). Holland menyatakan bahwa individu mencari pekerjaan yang sesuai dengan kepribadian masing-masing. Type kepribadian dan lingkungan pekerjaaan menurut Holland, digambarkan pada tabel berikut:
Tabel: Holland’s Typology: Themes, Personal Styles, and Occupational Environment
| Theme | Personal Style | Occupation Environment |
| Realistic | Aggressive; prefers concrete vesus abstract work tasks,not very sociable; poor interpersonal interactions |
Skilled trade (plumber, electrician, machine operator) Technician (airplane mechanic, photographer, draftperson, some service occupations) |
| Investigative | Intellectual: abstract thinking; analytical; independent; sometimes racial and task oriented |
Scietific (chemist, physicist, mathematician) Technical (laboratory technician, computer programmer, electronics worker) |
| Artistic | Imaginative; values aesthetics; prefers self-expression throught the arts; rather independent and extroverted |
Artistic (sculptor, artist, designer) Musical (music teacher, orchestra leader, musician) Literary (editor, writer, critic) |
| Social | Gregarious; concerned with social problems; active in church and community; interested in educational activities |
Educational (teacher, school administrator, professor) Social welfare (social worker, sociologist, rehabitation counselor, nurse) |
| Enterprising | Extroverted; aggressive; adventurous; prefers leadership roles; dominat; persuasive; has good verbal skill |
Managerial (personnel director, production supervisor, sales manager) Sales (insurance agent, realtor, car salesperson) |
| Conventional | Pratical; controlled; sociable; somewhat concervative; prefers structured tasks; conforming | Office and clerical (file clerk, teller, accountant, keypunch,operator, secretary, bookkeeper, receptionist, credit manager) |
Untuk membantu memilih karir yang tepat maka mulailah dengan mengenal type kepribadian.
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